Species. Seeding Rate Calculator. There are some advantages to using a nurse crop. Seeding rates listed above are based on 100% germination. per acre. If a nurse crop is used, keep seeding rates on the light side. Cut these rates in half if you are overseeding a thinning plot or bare patches. Clear seeding alfalfa alone, without a companion crop, also works well. Oats were seeded using a small-plot seeding rate on dryland in North Dakota when alfalfa is seeded with a companion crop (1). Divide #1 by #2 for the final seeding rate. Use inoculated, fungicide-treated alfalfa seed at rates of 12 to 15 pounds per acre in rainfed fields and 15 to 20 pounds per acre in irrigated fields. Highest forage yield for silage is a seeding rate of 1.5 bu/a. (3 bu/A). Forage Planting Guide for North Carolina Plant Depth Mountains (above 2500 ft. elevation)* See footnote for below 2500 ft. Piedmont and Tidewater Crop Seeding Coastal Plain** Rate (lb./acre) B:broadcast D:drill(4-to 9fl row) R:row (30+inches) PLS:pure live seeds (inches) Best Dates Possible Dates Best Dates Possible Dates Best Dates Possible Dates Ex. Higher seeding rates will increase grain yield (but not forage yield). At both cuts, herbicide and untreated plots produced the largest alfalfa yields, and alfalfa yield was reduced as oat seeding rates were increased. Planting Rate (straight for grain/forage): 80-110 lbs. Frost seeding grasses may have limited results, but is more successful with bunch type grasses like orchardgrass. 0.4873 X 0.80 = 0.39 So for 8 acres, I would buy 100 lbs alfalfa and 25 lbs timothy. Seeding rates are listed based upon single crop plantings. Use the following formula to calculate oat seed drop rate: Determine desired final stand per acre and divide by: (1-expected stand loss). per acre i a goosd companion crop for spring seedings. Alsike clover, birdsfoot trefoil, grass/legume hay, grass legume pasture, fallow and red clover. Minister’s Message F ... ALFALFA PASTURE MANAGEMENT PAGE 11 GUIDE TO PREDATION COMPENSATION PAGE 14 APRIL 2013 VOLUME 9 01 Tips for calculating seeding rates page 4 ... Oat 215 - 320 30 - 45 Triticale – spring 310 42 - 48 Canola 80 - 100 2 - 3 (Brassica rapa) Suggested seeding rate was: sainfoin 30 lb/ac, alfalfa 12 lb/ac. Seeding rates are 2 to 3 bu per acre. Germination and mortality are based on seed tests. Alfalfa stand counts will be taken this fall and again in spring, along with alfalfa yield checks. Establishment. This may seem like a lot of alfalfa plants, but keep in mind that 60 percent or more of the seeds will not grow to maturity. Recommended Planting Rate The recommended planting rate is also an expression of the number of pure live seed (PLS) pounds per acre needed to achieve an adequate stand. Good seed will have a germination of 90-95% and seed mortality is approximately 3%, but can vary greatly. Oat. Cut these rates in half if you are overseeding a thinning plot or bare patches. Oats sown at a rate of 1 to 1½ bushels (32-48 lbs.) Seeding depth can be as deep as 1½ inches, but a depth of only ½ to ¾ inch will increase the rate of emergence, establishment and … For irrigation production, use 15 to 20 pounds ... Before planting oats, check the herbicide history of the desired field. Planting Rate Lbs/Acre Broadcast Bushels Per Acre Planting Depth Planting Dates Alfalfa 60 25-30 lb broadcast, or drill 20-25 1/2 bushel 1/4-1/2 Sept-Oct*, Feb-Mar Barley 48 96-100 lb broadcast, or drill 65-75 2 bushels 1/4-1/2 March - May Brome, Grass 14 2 … This in turn depends on proper seeding. (Keep in mind that 1 ton = 1000 kg = 2.200 lbs. Tags: Antigo, Antigo Oats, Grain, Oats Use these recommendations for oat production when the soil NO 3 - -N test isn’t used. the amount of seed to purchase would be 12 ÷ 72 x 100, or 16.6 pounds per acre. This equates to dropping 60 seeds per square foot. Seeding Rate. at harvest. 00:00. Keywords: alfalfa, seeding rate, seed yield, semi-arid, Varamin, Iran. be needed for alfalfa production on some course-textured, sandy soils. Oats is one of the better companion crops for spring- and fall-seeded alfalfa. Spring oats are planted in the fall when winter termination is desired. seeding rates page 4. heads/sq.ft. Alternative seeding methods are to broadcast the oats and then incorporate them with a light disc or cultivator, or to seed into a prepared seedbed using a conventional drill. More specifics regarding the general recommendation of 3 bu/ac is to An alfalfa-seeding plot without a nurse crop will be included for comparison. The variety FL 08128 is the only variety suggested for planting. So for 8 acres, I would buy 100 lbs alfalfa and 25 lbs timothy. Oat varieties representing three maturity groups were evaluated during 2015 and 2016 in Lamberton, Minnesota on organically certified ground previously planted to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). MAXI MULTI A high yielding, winterhardy multi-leaf alfalfa with a multiple pest and disease resistance package. Calculate seeds per pound and multiply by the germination rate of the seed lot. Keywords: alfalfa, seeding rate, seed yield, semi-arid, Varamin, Iran. Cover Crop -Oats „establishes easily „grows well under a wide range of conditions „Avoid high seeding rates to reduce competion to alfalfa „recommended seeding rate is 1 bu (32 lb) per acre. „This provides about 12 seeds per square foot. „Higher seeding rates will increase grain yield (but not forage yield). Planting Rate (straight for grain/forage): 80-110 lbs. Oats are Oat (Avena sativa L.) is an important crop for organic production systems in the upper Midwest, but limited information on optimal nutrient management and seeding rates is available. * low = less than 3.0%; medium and high = 3.0% or more. Annual Yield/ac [tons (T) or bushels (bu)]2 Comments Alfalfa Medicago sativa hay, silage, pasture 60 lb/bu 227,000 seeds/lb 25 to 40/sq ft (in seeding year) 15 to 20 lb 1/4 to 1/2 Alfalfa For example, if you would traditionally plant oats at 3 bushels per acre, most successful growers cut the rate down to 1 bushel per acre as a nurse crop. 50%. Nurse Crops: Spring seeded alfalfa can be planted with a small grain nurse crop such as oats, barley, or spring triticale. On average, we need about 44-88 lbs. A split plot design, replicated four times, was used with alfalfa seeding rate (16, 24 or 32 lb/ac) being the main plots and oat seeding rate (0, 8, 16 or 32 lb/ac) being the subplots. In addition, a high seeding rate reduces the tillers/plant and decreases the time to … Alfalfa requires good management practices for establishment and maintenance. Establishment. For every pound of alfalfa seed you plant per acre, you will be planting about five seeds per square foot. The oat companion crop reduced alfalfa stand density during establishment, but density was higher at the beginning of the second season at two of the three sites when the oat seeding rate was 18 kg ha −1. Seed should be placed in a firm seedbed 1/2 to 3/4 inch deep. Highest grain yields generally result from oat seeding rates of 2 to 3 bu/a. Most standard grain drills cannot plant oats at this low rate, so broadcast and incorporate oats with a disc or springtooth harrow. Seeding rates are 2 to 3 bushels per acre at a depth of ½ to ¾ inches deep. After $20 in planting costs, $48 for planting and $110 in harvest fees, the extra crop returned $137.44 in profit on land for which seasonal rent was already paid. In western Kansas, 8 to 12 pounds per acre is recommended for nonirrigated seeding rates. In Wisconsin, 12 pounds of pure live seed per acre is recommended in most situations. Nurse crops will be harvested as forage. Basing seeding rates on PLS assumes every seed is viable and capable of producing an established plant. cool-season perennial 15-20 ¼ - ½ Mar 1-May 15 Aug 15-Sept 15 If a pure stand is to be fall planted, seedings should be made early to decrease … Ex. Maxi Multi will produce excellent quality forage under either a 3 or 4 cut harvest system. 1.25 - 1.30. The highest oat seeding rates (89 and 45 kg ha-1) reduced weed dry matter yield to levels comparable to the herbicide in both cuts. Forage seeding-rate recommendations for hay and pasture (in pounds of pure live seed per acre). “Our oat yields on first year alfalfa breaking were almost 250 bushels per acre under irrigation,” says Gary Kruger, … It is more winter hardy than oats, but similar to wheat and rye. Seeding depth can be up to 1.5 inches, but planting at 0.5 to 0.75 inches accelerates emergence, establishment, and forage production potential. deep into a firm seedbed in early spring. Clear seedings of al­ falfa may require higher seeding rates (12 to 18 Ibs. Planting: Oats should be drilled 1-2 in. seeding rate of the oats, which will make up to some extent growing more biomass with more plants per square foot compared to having the oats grow more from the increased growing temperatures when planted earlier. For example, the seeding rate for wheat in western Kansas ranges from 40 to 60 pounds per acre, and increases from 50 to 60 pounds per acre and 60 to 75 pounds per acre in central and eastern areas, respectively. Seeding Rate: The suggested seeding rate for straight alfalfa on irrigated ground is 7-8 pounds pure live seed (PLS) per acre. In years when oat prices are high, they can be a good choice. Lbs/Ac Red Clover – 6 to 10 Ladino Clover – 2 to 5 Birdsfoot Trefoil – 5 to 8 Alfalfa – 6 to 10. Forage production potential from a spring-planted oat crop will average 1,500 to 2,000 pounds of forage per acre. Planting methods . 1 bushel of oats as a nurse crop vs. a full rate of 3 bushels; Nurse crops have little benefit to late summer/early fall seedings and are not recommended. Your actual seed rates will need to be somewhat higher if the tag on the seed bag is less than 100%. Two oat seeding rates (110 and 145 kg ha−1), two nutrient sources (raw and composted beef manure), and four N application rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha−1) were studied. The recommended seeding rate (broadcast, not drilled) for crimson clo-ver is about 25 pounds of PLS per acre if planting a pure stand. This may seem like a lot of alfalfa plants, but keep in mind that 60 percent or more of the seeds will not grow to maturity. Seeding rates that I'm considering are 12 lb/acre alfalfa, 3 lb/acre timothy, and 2 bushels/acre oats. Once worked, soils will dry quicker in late summer. A good choice for producing hay with very high feed value.The best product to plant for milk and beef producers who need both good yield and high protein hay. Delay in planting reduces yield potential and tiller development. Seeding at the rate of 20 pounds per acre will result in 100 seeds per square foot. 28 -30. That rate can be reduced by 25% to 50% if planting as a nurse crop or in mixture with other forages. The recommended planting rate will mirror individual species seeding rates if only one species is planted. Alfalfa seeding rates were 16, 24, or 32 lb/A while oat seeding rates were 0, 8, 16, or 32 lb/A 'Curt' oats, a short statured variety, was utilized at all sites, while alfalfa variety varied between sites. Generally, the presence of oats or weeds reduced crude protein. The highest oat seeding rates (89 and 45 kg ha-1)reduced weed dry matter yield to levels comparable to the herbicide in both cuts. When letting oats go to grain, seeding rate can have a big impact on the alfalfa stand and yield. deep into a firm seedbed in early spring. A seed lot with 100% germination and 100% purity has a PLS index of 1.0. Oats work best in a balage or haylage management system but can be used in a strip grazing system. Adding peas to the mixture usually increases seed costs. produced the largest alfalfa yields, and alfalfa yield was reduced as oat seeding rates were increased. The suggested seeding rate for alfalfa depends on the type of seeding equipment used. The suggested minimum seeding rate on irrigated ground is 8 lbs pure live seed (PLS) per acre. On dryland, seed 5 lbs PLS per acre. Producers in northern Indiana should plant their crop earlier in the span of time suggested for the late summer seeding and later in the timespan suggested for the spring seeding. Higher rates may increase yields, but; more competition for alfalfa; lodging may increase; Lodging If it is too high, establishment costs will be prohibitive. Photo taken July 10, 2018. Lower rates usually are used in arid regions. They adapt well to wet soils and can be used as a nurse crop for alfalfa when necessary. Spring oats and winter oats. Seed should be placed in a firm seedbed 1/2 to 3/4 inch deep. Management. A good choice for producing hay with very high feed value.The best product to plant for milk and beef producers who need both good yield and high protein hay. ... is intended to take a look at the impact of various alfalfa nurse crops at different seeding rates on the resulting alfalfa establishment. Oats, barley and triticale, with and without 4010 field peas, will be seeded with alfalfa at three seeding rates. The first step in forage management is the proper establishment of pasture and hay fields. the main plot and oat seeding rates were subplots. In the case of a nurse crop, the rate should be reduced to 30 lbs per acre for grass and 50 lbs per acre for alfalfa. 1 bushel of oats as a nurse crop vs. a full rate of 3 bushels. As these were seeded in the same row mixtures, we seeded at ½ rate; sainfoin at 15 lb/ac and alfalfa at 6 lb/ac. Seeding method and rate Under irrigated conditions in Oregon, recommended minimum rates are 12 to 15 pounds seed per acre to ensure an adequate stand. If the seeding rate is too low, the stand will be thin and weedy. Only use oats that are free of weed seed. Do not use wheat, rye, triticale, or barley because they often are too competitive for alfalfa seedlings. Peas also have been used as a companion crop, either alone or in combination with oats, to increase the protein concentration of the companion crop harvested as forage. If possible, preirrigate and cultivate to eliminate weeds before planting. Species/description seeding rate (lb/acre) depth (inches) Seeding date comments Spring Fall alfalfa. Seeding Rate Pure Live Seed/ac Seeding Depth (inches) Main Cover Crop Benefit Species (continued) Scientific Name Seeding Date Harvest/ Termination Timing Approx. Planting: Oats should be drilled 1-2 in. Use a regular grain drill with a small seed attachment or an alfalfa drill for planting. Table 1. such as spring oats or millet, to protect seedlings from harsh weather and prevent erosion. We are already in the recommended spring planting window of April 1 to May 15. Avoid pushing new alfalfa seedings too hard during the establishment year. He found that seeding rates varied from 1.75-5 bu/acre among oat producers across the state. 1.25 - 1.30. For example: 8 lbs./acre for white clover, 15 lbs./acre for red clover, and 20 to 25 lbs./acre for alfalfa. The price of seed is relatively low, so don’t skimp. For light or sandy soils, seeds should be place at 1⁄2 to 3⁄4 inch deep. As with phosphorus use, annual broadcast applications are recommended for irrigated alfalfa while large applica-tions sufficient for two to three years applied at seeding are 00:00. For small grains, cut at boot stage rather than waiting for soft-dough stage. Total forage yields of nurse crop and alfalfa during the establishment year will be compared. Li et al. Seeding rates should be increased by 1% for each day planting is delayed up to a maximum rate of 1.6 million seeds per acre. Oats was a fuel crop back when ethanol was just a gleam in corn's eye. Use this calculator to decide how much seed you need to plant to obtain the desired plant population and calibrate your seeder. The oat companion crop reduced alfalfa stand density during establishment, but density was higher at the beginning of the second season at two of the three sites when the oat seeding rate was 18 kg ha. Seeding was 0.5-0.7” deep, and the seed was inoculated. Seeding Rate: 100 lbs/A. To determine the appropriate seeding rate of the material in this bag, multiply the percentage of pure seed contained in the bag (48.73 percent) by the germination rate of the seed (80 percent). Use Press wheels behind a … SEEDING RATE: 1 1/2 to 3 bu/a, depending upon: Underseeding of alfalfa Seeding rates of 1 1/2 to 2 bu/a are common when alfalfa is seeded with oats. They adapt well to wet soils and can be used as a nurse crop for alfalfa when necessary. I would plant the alfalfa & timothy with the grass seeder on the drill behind the oats, and roller pack or shallow harrow after seeding. Cut early – To give the young alfalfa plants the best chance of success, cut the nurse crop as soon as possible. Generally, … Therefore, 2.5 kg ha-1 was found to be more appropriate seeding rate in improving seed yield of alfalfa in the semi-arid lands of Varamin, Iran. If anhydrous ammonia is the preferred source, knife in the fertilizer before planting. Conversely, the minimum value of seed yield (605.7 kg ha-1) and number of pods per m2 (4620) was observed in case of SR5 treatment. On dryland seed 5 lbs PLS per acre. These rates can be lowered when planting combinations. Planting dates that stretch later into the fall produce far less cover crop biomass, heights, and Rate (lb/ac) Alfalfa (lb/ac) PROS CONS; Small grain harvested at boot stage: 1 – 1.5 (bu/ac) 12 – 15: High seeding-year yield; Good erosion/weed control; Moderate quality; Competitive if seeded heavily or harvested after boot stage; Italian (annual) Ryegrass: 2 – 5: 12 – 15: High seeding-year yield; High quality, leafy; Good snow catch and insulator It is more common to sow on spring. In 2014, green mix yielded 6.5 wet tons of forage. Alfalfa. In areas with lower precipitation, it is more common for seed to be planted at 40 to 60 pounds per acre. Therefore, 2.5 kg ha-1 was found to be more appropriate seeding rate in improving seed yield of alfalfa in the semi-arid lands of Varamin, Iran. For instance, a one acre field of oats would require 100 lbs. Planting Rates As one moves from west to east within each area, planting rates for the various crops increase (Table 2). such as spring oats or millet, to protect seedlings from harsh weather and prevent erosion. Oats (Avena sativa L.) is often chosen as a companion crop during the establishment of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).Recent research has shown barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) forage to have superior nutrient duality compared to that of oats.Our primary objective was to determine the forage quality and yield potential of representative barley and oat cultivars harvested at various … Oat seed weighs 32 lbs per bushel, so seed size is large compared to other grasses such as tall fescue or ryegrass. Seeding rates are 2 to 3 bushels per acre at a depth of ½ to ¾ inches deep. Oat growth typically improves when seed is drill-planted at a rate of 80 to 100 pounds per acre. This provides about 12 seeds per square foot. Legume Varieties. The conclusion of oats seed germination For better seed germination percentage and great yield, you must select quality oat seeds. How to sow Alfalfa seeds – Alfalfa Seeding Rate and Number of Plants per Acre . These soils are usually irrigated. In other words, you would have to plant 16.6 pounds of material from the seed bag of that spe-cies in order to plant 12 pounds of PLS per acre. Seeding rates are 2 to 3 bu per acre. Planting Rate (with alfalfa): 40-50 lbs (1½ – 2 bu/A). of seed, but a one acre field of oats and arrowleaf clover would require 75 lbs. Evaluations were made on oat variety, oat seeding rate, and nitrogen rate and their effect on weed cover and hay yield. than 8%, all tillage and planting operations must be on a contour and seeding will be done with the use of a companion (nurse) crop or by leaving at least 30% of the crop residue on the surface after planting. The oats and peas are harvested in late June, one month before the alfalfa is ready for cutting. To determine the appropriate seeding rate from the crimson clover seed above, multiply the percentage of pure seed contained in the bag (48.73%) by the germination rate of the seed (80%). It is not tolerant to flooding or soils with high water tables and requires a soil pH of 6.5 or greater. I would plant the alfalfa & timothy with the grass seeder on the drill behind the oats, and roller pack or shallow harrow after seeding. Cereal forage seeding rates should be from 75 to 100 kg/ha. (20-40 kg) of raw seeds per hectare, or 17-36 lbs. MAXI MULTI A high yielding, winterhardy multi-leaf alfalfa with a multiple pest and disease resistance package. Maxi Multi will produce excellent quality forage under either a 3 or 4 cut harvest system. We would use half this rate if oats was a nurse crop for an alfalfa seeding to be harvested for silage, and reduce the competition against the developing alfalfa stand. Planting Rates Planting rates vary across the state and with differing conditions. SEEDING DATE: As early as the soil can be worked, but don't work the soil when wet. Seeding rates that I'm considering are 12 lb/acre alfalfa, 3 lb/acre timothy, and 2 bushels/acre oats. of oats ... Alfalfa 20/15 B/R Yes Sept/Oct. For every pound of alfalfa seed you plant per acre, you will be planting about five seeds per square foot. We are a dedicated supporter of oat breeding at the University level and carry a diverse selection of oat varieties to suit any purpose. When frost-seeding, use the recommended broadcast seeding rate for the particular crop you are planting. Suggested rates based on soil analysis are listed in Table III. Field peas are sometimes included to improve the protein content of the companion crop forage, Isleib notes. Seeding depth should be approximately 1 inch. Suggested rates are below. High seeding rates have little impact on improving yields. Field peas are sometimes included to improve the protein content of the resulting nurse crop forage. Try seeding some on a small scale. 28 - 30. The ideal seeding rate for oat in California is 8 to 16 pounds per acre with the standard alfalfa seeding rate. In case of a nurse crop, the rate should be reduced to 30 lbs per acre for grass and 50 lbs per acre for alfalfa. They can be grown relatively cheaply without nitrogen (N) fertilizer, have low seed costs and have very high yields. Example: Timothy sold with a germination of 80% should be seeded at 12.5 lbs/acre to provide the 10 lbs/acre Alfalfa often may be seeded with a companion crop like oats to control weeds and erosion and provide a crop of grain or hay. On dryland, seed 5 lbs PLS per acre. Use 1/3 – ½ seeding rates of the nurse crop to avoid over competing with new alfalfa. When a mixture of several plant • For improved alfalfa establishment, seed at lower rate & harvest early for hay or silage • Best use: Silage (milk-dough stage) and hay (boot-heading stage) Cover Crop Benefits: • The perfect nurse crop for legumes and brassicas • Oats effectively scavenge left over nitrogen, phosphorus, and Use 1/3 – ½ seeding rates of the nurse crop to avoid over competing with new alfalfa. Oats work best in a balage or haylage management system but can be used in a strip grazing system. The suggested minimum seeding rate on irrigated ground is 8 lbs pure live seed (PLS) per acre. Summer seeded oats for forage are commonly seeded at about 65 – 100 lbs per acre (2 – 3 bu/ac). We are a dedicated supporter of oat breeding at the University level and carry a diverse selection of oat varieties to suit any purpose. Alfalfa is usually grown as a winter short-term perennial in Florida and is typically used for haylage, green chopping, or hay. As alfalfa seed becomes more expensive and transgenic traits come with a technology fee, reducing seeding rates to the agronomic and economic optimum is more easily justified. When frost-seeding, use the recommended broadcast seeding rate for the particular crop you are planting. A ball park seeding rate recommendation to achieve this is 3 bu/ac. 0.4873 x 0.80 = 0.39. Oats work the best in a balage/haylage management system; however they can work well in a strip grazing system. Oat, barley and triticale, with and without 4010 field peas, will be seeded with alfalfa at low, medium and high seeding rates. He looked at three populations: 22 plants/sq ft, 29 plants/sq ft, and 36 plants/sq ft. Alfalfa cultivars employed varied among sites because of differences in environments. Spring planting of spring oats ... For dryland production, use a seeding rate of 8 to 12 pounds per acre in the west, and 12 to 16 pounds per acre in central and eastern Kansas. Alfalfa: Alfalfa is an important hay and haylage crop in many states, but the amount produced in Louisiana is very limited. Factors to be considered when planning are temperature, rainfall pattern, weed pressure, and time of year when environmental conditions are optimum for the seedling germination and crop emergence.Unfortunately, no single time … full rate, 40-60 lbs/A as a nurse crop with alfalfa Seeding Depth: 1” - 1 1/2” Seeding Dates: 30-40 days before the first killing frost in the fall, or as soon as ground can be worked in the spring A mixture of forage oats and peas that provides protein and effective fiber as a forage mix and nitrogen Seeding at the rate of 20 pounds per acre will result in 100 seeds per square foot. Ideal planting depth for alfalfa in clay or loam soils is 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 inch. Oat varieties representing three maturity groups were evaluated during 2015 and 2016 in Lamberton, Minnesota on organically certified ground previously planted to alfalfa … However, a seeding Table 6.2. Planting Rate (with alfalfa): 40-50 lbs (1½ – 2 bu/A). If cereals are sown in mixture with field peas, at least 50% (by weight) of the mixture should be peas and a total seeding rate of 110 to 130 kg/ha should be used. ALFALFA Some Winter Injury in Northeast Iowa Patch-Work for Winter-Injured Alfalfa Stands Alfalfa Establishment OATS Seeding Rate and Date CORN Recommended Plant Population Planter Maintenance Tips for 2019 Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendation Anhydrous Ammonia Application and Timely Corn Planting PASTURE Nitrogen Management INSECTS Seeding rates above 6 to 10 lbs. Forage Seeding Rates When Seeded Alone or in Mixtures. The agronomist recommends 0.5 to 1 bushel per acre of oats, barley, or triticale. There is generally no weed control advantage to seeding oats at more than 1 bu/acre. For best results, oat should be drill-planted on a conventionally tilled seedbed at a seeding rate of 80 to 100 pounds of seed per acre. Spring planting of alfalfa 3. Cover Crop - Oats establishes easily grows well under a wide range of conditions Avoid high seeding rates to reduce competion to alfalfa recommended seeding rate is 1 bu (32 lb) per acre. interplanting oats into established alfalfa. Conversely, the minimum value of seed yield (605.7 kg ha-1) and number of pods per m2 (4620) was observed in case of SR5 treatment. The appropriate range of times to seed the grass crops and suggested seeding rates are found in Table 2 (Seeding dates and rates for pure stands of forage grasses). It can be grown for grain or forage. Seeding rate The suggested seeding rate for alfalfa depends on the type of seeding equipment used. Pack soils firmly to help control seeding depth. Next, divide the desired seeding rate for crimson clover by 0.39 (the number determined above). In western Kansas, 8 to 12 pounds per acre is recommended for nonirrigated seeding rates. Use the minimum 8 lb seeding rate on irrigated ground only when seedbed conditions are ideal, uniform The seeding rate of small grains used as a nurse crop should be light: 0.5 to 1 bushel per acre of oats, barley or triticale are common. Planting Rates Planting rates vary across the state and with differing conditions. PLS/acre) than alfalfa established with companion crops to obtain maximum forage yields during the establish­ ment year (2, 3, 9). Soil tests prior to seeding showed a pH of 5.4 and 8.8% organic matter. Oats can be a good rotational crop following alfalfa under irrigation. Growers seed at rates of 7 to 8 pounds per acre in Montana. He wanted to see if there was an optimal economical seeding rate, and he conducted research on the farms of Aaron Lehman and Doug Alert, both PFI members. Alfalfa seeds can be sown during autumn or spring. Oats seeded at 32 pounds per acre. Timing of seeding for new alfalfa establishment is critical to the success of the emerging crop and for the future success of the stand. For example: 8 lbs./acre for white clover, 15 lbs./acre for red clover, and 20 to 25 lbs./acre for alfalfa. (2018) (Figure 3.3) reported that a seeding rate of approximately 44 plants/ft2 (473 plants/m2) decreased weed biomass by more than 50% and increased oat yield. Oat seed is planted first. Oats should be drill-planted on a conventionally prepared seedbed at a seeding rate of about 80 to 100 pounds of seed per acre. Alfalfa seedlings are very cold-tolerant, so there is very little risk when planting after April 1. First cutting hay yields were increased when oat seeding rates were 50 to 75 lbs/acre and nitrogen fertilizer rates of 30 The seeding rate is 90-120 lbs per acre. (3 bu/A).

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