Biogeography is the study of distribution of biological species and ecosystems in geographical space and geological time. Biodiversity of Pakistan threats and conservation SlideShare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Refer to the Biodiversity and Conservation Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers here along with a detailed explanation. But, gradually over the years, there has been a major loss in the biodiversity across the globe. In many cultures, trees and wildlife are given full protection e.g. Biodiversity of Pakistan • Some 6000 species of plants out of which 7% are Endemic to Pakistan - 200 Species and subspecies of Mammals - 666 species of Birds, many of which migratory and some Endangered - More than 500 species of Fishes - Diverse Reptilian Fauna - 16 species of Anuran Amphibians. The Biodiversity Hotspots of the World are given below: 1. Maintaining biodiversity is essential for organic waste disposal, soil formation, biological nitrogen fixation, crop and livestock genetics, biological pest control, plant pollination, and pharmaceuticals. To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot, a region must meet two strict criteria:. A number of animal and plant species are threatened and/or endangered largely due to over-exploitation and loss of natural habitat. Himalaya: Includes the entire Indian Himalayan region (and that falling in Pakistan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar) 2. Apart from the existing protected area network in Punjab, the Punjab Biodiversity Board has identified a number of hotspots in Shivaliks. Habitat destruction is the process by which natural habitat is damaged or destroyed to such an extent that it no longer is capable of supporting the species and ecological communities that . India has repeatedly sought consular access to Jadhav, under the rules of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963. BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN PAKISTAN B eing a transitional zone between three zoogeographical regions — the Palearctic, the Oriental and the Ethiopian — and a country with rapid changes in altitude that a f fect vegetation and wildlife, Pakistan has some of the w o r l d ' s rarest animals and plants. Q. Biogeographic Zones of India Ans. living in a wide range of ecosystems.. A Biodiversity Action Plan of (BAP) was drafted in 1999 and approved by the Pakistan Environment Protection Council in the year 2000. The most remarkable places/ areas on earth are also the most threatened ones, and many of them have been reduced to less than 10 percent of their original vegetation. The Neotropical Region contains the largest number of mammal species in the New World, the second-highest number of mammal . Unless we successfully reduce the impacts of these threats, they will contribute to the loss of biodiversity components, negatively affect ecosystem integrity and progress towards sustainable use. July 13, 2020 by Prachi Hajare. Importance of Biodiversity. . Question 1. Global Level: . Eastern Afro-Montane. Biodiversity Hotspots. . webster florida weather forecast; legal services job description; azure kubernetes icon Feb 16, 2022 It is now feared that Pakistan has the world's second highest rate of deforestation. 17. Large swathes of forests have also been cleared for the expansion of agriculture, exploitation of natural resources, construction of roads, railways, dams, and housing for the . 32. The Conference of the Parties (CoP) to the Plants and microbes help to degrade chemical pollutants and organic wastes . percent of hotspot areas will be urbanized, up from one percent in 2000. This in india for example of sustainability of biodiversity hotspots are examples in buffer zones. Multiple Choice Type Questions. Along with PA network, the sites identified as biodiversity hotspots and heritage sites are also important in recognizing the biodiversity richness of the local sites in the states. Horn of Africa. Pakistan has been facing the brunt of climate change for quite some time. Former Navy officer Kulbhushan Jadhav has been sentenced to death row by Pakistan's military court on the charges of espionage. LION 35. Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability among all groups of living organisms and ecosystem complexes in which they occur. For the purposes of detailed analysis, and the creation of indicators to measure or monitor trends, exactly how biodiversity is defined will influence what is measured . The idea was first developed by Norman Myers in 1988 to identify tropical forest 'hotspots' characterized guinean forests of west africa plants. MUTTURAJ M D Jr.M.Sc(agri) GPB 2. It focuses on shallow water, mainly coral reef species in the Indo-Pacific coral triangle - undeniably the most megadiverse marine biodiversity hotspot in the world and subject to numerous threatening processes (Carpenter and Springer, 2005; Tittensor et al., 2010). Two years later, he added . The third focal area of the 2010 framework concerns the five major threats to biodiversity: invasive alien species, climate change, nutrient loading and pollution, habitat change, and overexploitation. sacred . However, a lot of man-made activities impose huge impacts on biodiversity. Rapid human population growth is increasing pressure on the country's natural resource . While the extent seems small, paving over marshes, forests, and grasslands could generate 1.38 billion tons of carbon emissions (5 billion tons of CO2) from direct land use change." 20 Figure 2. Medicinal plants in india, leopard cat flying squirrel and biodiversity and is a productive ecosystem with example: this land use system. A number of animal and plant species are threatened and/or . So far, the country's wildlife is preserved in 120+ national parks, 515 wildlife sanctuaries, 26 wetlands, and 18 . Biodiversity hotspots have been identified, which have high species richness. 2015) (Fig. Biodiversity of India. Conservative estimates of the existing biodiversity is ten million species, but if estimates for insects are correct then it could be around 30 million species, we have till now enlisted about 1.4 million species. 3 Who identified biodiversity hotspots? TIGER 33. The biodiversity hotspots around the world are facing severe threats from several anthropogenic activities like deforestation, forest fires, climate change, and poaching. Biodiversity Hotspots are regions that are rich in biodiversity but threatened by human activities. Conservation is the protection, preservation, management, or restoration of wildlife and natural resources such as forests and water. Sikhs are concentrated in Punjab and Delhi, whereas Jainism is followed majorly in Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. There are more than 3000 castes or jatis in India. Below, we discuss six of the major threats to biodiversity: climate change , habitat loss and degradation , pollution , invasive species , over-exploitation and epidemics . To maintain life-supporting systems and essential ecological processes. There is an urgent . Organisms and the biological communities often vary in a regular manner along geographic gradients of latitude, and altitude creating gradients of climatic conditions (temperature and rainfall). Hotspots of biodiversity 1. 2007. Along with PA network, the sites identified as biodiversity hotspots and heritage sites are also important in recognizing the biodiversity richness of the local sites in the states. The Convention requires countries to prepare a national biodiversity strategy and action plan. However, there are further important aspects of biodiversity, such as maximized floristic complementarity ( Küper et al. These living organisms include marine, terrestrial and aquatic life. Through the conservation of biodiversity and the survival of many species and habitats which are threatened due to human activities can be ensured. Biodiversity of Pakistan • Some 6000 species of plants out of which 7% are Endemic to Pakistan - 200 Species and subspecies of Mammals - 666 species of Birds, many of which migratory and some Endangered - More than 500 species of Fishes - Diverse Reptilian Fauna - 16 species of Anuran Amphibians 17. The term 'biodiversity hotspot' was coined by Norman Myers (1988). The Conference of the Parties (CoP) to the Biodiversity is the part of nature which includes the difference in genes among the individuals of a species, the variety and richness of all the plant and animal species at different scales in space, locally in a region, in the . If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. 9 Which is a hotspot of biodiversity? Caste Diversity. Indo-Burma: Includes entire North-eastern India, except Assam and Andaman group of Islands (and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and southern China) Through the conservation of biodiversity and the survival of 7 Who coined the term ecology? The hotspots approach locates a set of regions that represent many endemic species in a small total area, including level of threat and loss of primary vegetation as further criteria. POLICY BRIEF ON ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE FOR EFFECTIVE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION TO RESOLVE CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF THE INDIAN HIMALAYAN REGION (IHR) Presentation By: Naysa Ahuja Enviro Legal Defence Firm In collaboration with Environment, Law and Development Foundation August 2015 SCOPE OF WORK & APPROACH SCOPE OF WORK AIM: integrated strategy for governing of resources and mountain . Pakistan is 666 according to Robert (1991). Biodiversity hotspots are a method to identify those regions of the world where attention is needed to address biodiversity loss and to guide investments in conservation. 6 Who is called as the father of biodiversity? Biodiversity and Conservation Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers. Pakistan ratified Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994. Economic and Environmental Benefits of Biodiversity. Apart from the existing protected area network in Punjab, the Punjab Biodiversity Board has identified a number of hotspots in Shivaliks. History of Biodiversity Hotspot. A biodiversity is termed as a hotspot if −. The maintenance of species and ecosystems is a keystone to sustainable development. Biodiversity in Pakistan: Status challenges and strategies for its conservation. As biodiversity decreases on earth, so do the chances of human survival. HOTSPOTS IN PAKISTAN • Region having biodiversity under threat. 2. • Part of Pakistan is included in Himalaya biodiversity hotspot. 4. Biodiversity conservation has three main objectives: To preserve the diversity of species. biodiversity is particularly relevant when it comes to the scientific measurement of biodiversity. Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands. A saw-scaled Russell's viper is endemic to Island. A critically important geo-ecological asset, the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) is the origin of 10 major river basins and encompasses over 4.2 million km 2 area (Bajracharya and Shrestha 2011; Bajracharya et al. Supported by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF), BirdLife and our local partners are guiding conservation projects Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot - a series of coastal zones fabulously rich in biodiversity, yet threatened by unrestrained coastal development. Biodiversity includes the genetic variability (for which different varieties of spices have appeared in the course of evolution) and diversity of life forms such as plants, animal microbes, etc. Ricardo A. Ojeda, in Encyclopedia of Biodiversity (Second Edition), 2013 Abstract. The country also has some of the most biodiverse regions on the planet and it comprises of four of 35 biodiversity hotspots of the world like the Western Ghats, the Eastern Himalayas, Indo-Burma and Nicobar Islands in Sundaland. dr nair vascular surgeon sarasota. Source: Mongabay. 5 Who among the following defined the term biodiversity hotspots? Types of Biodiversity. 7 Is the biodiversity hotspot region? From: Medicinal Spices and Vegetables from Africa, 2017. 3. The Guinean forests of Western Africa. ; Ahmed, M. Pakistan possesses a variety of world's ecological regions due to its immense latitudinal and latitudinal variations. 8 Who popularized biodiversity in India? Essay on Biodiversity - Essay 1 (150 Words) Introduction: Biodiversity also known as biological diversity is the variables that exist among several species living in the ecosystem. This document, Pakistan's second NBSAP 2017-2030, has been prepared in line with ABTs (2011-2020) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and demonstrates Pakistan's commitment to implement the objectives of the CBD: conservation . The Convention requires countries to prepare a national biodiversity strategy and action plan. Conservations of Biodiversity: In-Situ Conservation and Ex-Situ Conservation! biodiversity at rates that are no longer sustainable. A hotspot, in other words, is irreplaceable. . HOT SPOTS OF BIODIVERSITY 3. Over the past 50 years, the annual mean temperature in Pakistan has already increased by roughly 0.5 degrees Celsius. impacts on biodiversity hotspots. 1.1).This HKH area and Tien Shan mountains together form the largest area of permanent ice cover outside of the North and South Poles (hence, the occasional reference to the . 4 How many hotspots are there in India? Bioprospecting is defined as a systematic and organized search for useful products derived from bioresources including plants, microorganisms, animals, etc., that can be developed further for commercialization and overall benefits of the society. A common measure of this variety, called species richness, is the count of species in an area. Colombia and Kenya, for example, each have more than 1,000 breeding species of birds, whereas the forests of Great Britain and of eastern North America are home . Hot spots of biodiversity 1. 3. Conservation is the protection, preservation, management, or restoration of wildlife and natural resources such as forests and water. Yet biodiversity hotspots are, by definition, in a conservation crisis. +92-300-1234567 INFO@PERS.ORG.PK. Biodiversity hotspots make up about 2.3 percent of Earth's land surface, but 44 percent of the world's plants and 35 percent of land vertebrates live in these regions. Working in partnership to protect the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot. There are 4 out of 36 biodiversity hotspots of the world located in India —The Himalayas, the Indo-Burma region, Western Ghats, and the Sundaland. Total of 34 hotspots are identified globally e.g. ; It must have 30% or less of its original natural vegetation.In other words, it must be threatened. These places/ areas are called hotspots of biodiversity for preservation. par | Fév 15, 2022 | second derivative of absolute value of x | agricola and germania summary | Fév 15, 2022 | second derivative of absolute value of x | agricola and germania summary Hotspots are regions with a rich and varied yet threatened biodiversity. Conservation of Biodiversity: The convention on Biological Diversity held in June, 1992 stressed the need of the conservation of Biodiversity for sustainable development and perpetuation of human beings on earth. 1 Where Are Many Critical Biodiversity Hotspots Located? Biodiversity aims to understand the positions these organisms occupy in the broader ecosystem. BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS A biodiversity hotspot is a region with a high level of endemic species that has experienced great habitat loss While hotspots are spread all over the world, the majority are forest areas and most are located in the tropics Colombia is characterized by high biodiversity, with the highest rate of species by area unit . The Indo-Burma Hotspot includes all non-marine parts of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, plus parts of southern China. 8 Pakistan's Climate Change-Relevant Federal Expenditure, 2010-2014 55 9 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's Climate Change-Relevant Provincial Expenditures, 2010-2014 59. vii Preface P akistan has faced catastrophic floods, droughts, and cyclones in recent years that have BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS IN INDIA 1. The problem of biodiversity loss as a driver of the emergence of zoonoses is a complex one: it doesn't have a simple solution, such as banning wet markets in China. Pakistan ratified Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994. 15.1 Hotspots of Biodiversity. Therefore, it is important to educate people on living in equilibrium with the environment. Hotspots of biodiversity refer to bio-geographic regions where significant levels of biodiversity with richness and unusual concentration of endemic species are found, however, they are threatened with mindless exploitation and destruction. The continuing loss of this forest . Read about Biodiversity Conservation, the importance of Biodiversity, Loss of Biodiversity, and more. 3 Which area is a biodiversity hotspot? biodiversity, also called biological diversity, the variety of life found in a place on Earth or, often, the total variety of life on Earth. Endangered Species: 14. The loss of biodiversity could adversely affect our environment as the balance is lost and the natural food web is disturbed. Download PDF. Extinct Species of Pakistan • 4 mammals have so far disappeared from Pakistan. Today the earth is facing a loss of biodiversity at rapid rates. Areas which exhibit high species richness as well as high species endemism are termed as HOT SPOTS OF BIODIVERSITY. Pakistan developed its first Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) in 1999 to implement the 2010 Biodiversity Targets. According to IUCN Red List status (IUCN, 2013; Bird Life International, 2013), 5 species are critically endangered, 6 are endangered, 18 are vulnerable and 19 species are near threatened. 5 How many hotspots of biodiversity in the world have been identified? 6 How many biodiversity hotspots are there in Pakistan? It spans from central Mexico and the Caribbean islands to southern South America. 2. Biodiversity is an issue that affects everyone and therefore everyone should be aware of their effect on biodiversity. . This list is inevitably biased, but in an interesting manner. One of the ex situ conservation methods for endangered species is (a) Wild life sanctuaries (b) Biosphere reserves He recognized 10 tropical forests as "hotspots" on the basis of extraordinary level of plant endemism and high level of habitat loss, without any quantitative criteria for the designation of "hotspot" status. ADVERTISEMENTS: Conservations of Biodiversity: In-Situ Conservation and Ex-Situ Conservation! Urban sprawl could doom some biodiversity hotspots by 2030 These are protected areas for various purposes where the wildlife, inhabitant lifestyle, and domesticated plants and animals are conserved. Know more about hotspots in India and IUCN Red List. Preserving species in their habitats is the in-situ conservation and includes identification of biological hot spots to protect them as Natural Park/sanctuary/biosphere reserve etc. Pakistan developed its first Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) in 1999 to implement the 2010 Biodiversity Targets. The Indo-Burma region ranks among the world's top 10 biodiversity "hotspots", a term which is used to describe the planet's most biologically rich and threatened regions. Bioprospecting. Most plants in a biodiversity hotspot are endemic, meaning they are not found anywhere else on Earth. 2 What are three areas of critical biodiversity? Biodiversity hotspots are a method to identify those regions of the world where attention is needed to address biodiversity loss and to guide investments in . The execution, was, however, put on hold after India appealed to the World Court in May. In this article, we will know more about the four crucial protected hotspots of India. List of Biosphere Reserves in India ForumIAS Blog. 4 Who used the word biodiversity firstly? BioScience. Contents: 1. Hotspots are the main areas of focus for biodiversity conservation. This document, Pakistan's second NBSAP 2017-2030, has been prepared in line with ABTs (2011-2020) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and demonstrates Pakistan's commitment to implement the objectives of the CBD: conservation . For UPSC 2022 Preparation follow BYJU'S. primary school graduation messages. EPCO. Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) being the one of the most rugged and remote area of Pakistan is still unexplored in terms of its Definition Large regions containing exceptional concentrations of plant and animal endemism and experiencing high rates of habitat loss. Pakistan is rich in biodiversity, particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions which cover almost 80% of the total land area. 4. All these diversities help in maintaining the correct balance of nature. , 2004 ) or the diversity of biomes . It has at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemic. Pakistan is rich in biodiversity, particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions which cover almost 80% of the total land area. Frequent questions. Biodiversity conservation is the protection and management of biodiversity to obtain resources for sustainable development. SWAMP DEER 34. INDIAN ONE-HORNED RHINO 36. Importance of Biodiversity. In the mountainous re g i o n s . Uses of Biodiversity Biodiversity is vital to boost productivity in ecosystems where species depend on to live. These regions include the coastal mangrove forests of the Arabian Sea as well as some of the highest mountains of the . In . treasure box jewelry store near netherlands pakistan vs new zealand 2010 lightning returns shardblade university of michigan templates equation of tetrahedron with vertices Monday, November 1, 2021 1550 lincoln boulevard santa monica Collation of additional data from countries/regions undergoing rapid change in demographics, location of livestock units, biodiversity and . A Biodiversity Action Plan of (BAP) was drafted in 1999 and approved by the Pakistan Environment Protection Council in the year 2000. Baig, M.B. There are 2 main qualifying criteria for a region to be known as a biodiversity hotspot, one of them is the presence of at least 1500 vascular plants. Biodiversity at Global, National and Local Levels (explained with diagram)! Biodiversity possesses rich and diverse fauna and flora and unique natural beauty in its different ecosystems. As a result, processes such as deforestation, overgrazing, soil erosion, salinity and waterlogging have become major threats to the remaining biodiversity in Pakistan. Expert consultation on already published maps of poverty, livestock and zoonoses hotspots with the aim of achieving a preliminary qualitative evaluation of which countries/regions need updating. There is an inconvenient truth in the biodiversity crisis: we all drive it through our consumption patterns. 10 What is a biodiversity hotspot name . SOMYA BAGAI 2. The Neotropical Region is one of the major biogeographic divisions for both plants and animals on Earth. beauty and the beast themed hotel. It is a rich biodiversity hotspot, Ramsar site inhabiting endangered species like Green turtle, Hawksbill turtle, and Arabian Humpback whale. Activities. Medical Information Search biodiversity of pakistanbiodiversity of pakistanbiodiversity of pakistan Western ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Himalaya are rich biodiversity regions of our country; India has a tradition of protecting nature. . A biodiversity hotspot are the areas of conservation where there is strictly a minimum of 1500 species of vascular plants and a habitat that has lost its 70% cover. Sustainable utilization of species and ecosystem. It must have at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics — which is to say, it must have a high percentage of plant life found nowhere else on the planet. george washington invention; kitchenaid alternative crossword

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